NICOTINE

The maximum percentage of comorbidity: 25%, Laucht M, 2004

 

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  2. Milberger S, Further evidence of an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ADHD, J Clin Child Psychol. 1998
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  4. Hofhuis W, Negative effects of passive smoking on the (unborn) child, Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2002
  5. Linnet KM, Maternal lifestyle factors in pregnancy risk of ADHD and associated behaviors: review of the current evidence, Am J Psychiatry 2003
  6. Batstra L, Effect of antenatal exposure to maternal smoking on behavioural problems and academic achievement in childhood:prospective evidence from a Dutch birth cohort, Early Hum Dev. 2003
  7. Thapar A, Maternal smoking during pregnancy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in offspring, Am J Psychiatry 2003
  8. Kahn RS, Role of dopamine transporter genotype and maternal prenatal smoking in childhood hyperactive-impulsive, inattentive, and oppositional behaviors, J Pediatr. 2003
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  10. Laucht M, Maternal smoking during pregnancy: risk factor for ADHD in the offspring?, Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother. 2004
  11. Linnet KM , Smoking during pregnancy and the risk for hyperkinetic disorder in offspring, Pediatrics. 2005
  12. Langley K, Maternal smoking during pregnancy as an environmental risk factor for ADHD behaviour. A review, Minerva Pediatr. 2005
  13. Button TM, Relationship between antisocial behaviour, ADHD and maternal prenatal smoking, Br J Psychiatry 2005
  14. Rodriguez A, Are maternal smoking and stress during pregnancy related to ADHD symptoms in children?, J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2005
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